How heat flow affects the Earth’s magnetic field.
Compass readings that do not show the direction of true north and interference with the operations of satellites are a few of the problems caused by peculiarities of the Earth’s magnetic field.
The magnetic field radiates around the world and far into space, but it is set by processes that happen deep within the Earth’s core, where temperatures exceed 5,000 degrees Celsius.
New research from geophysicists at the University of Leeds suggests that the way this super-hot core is cooled is key to understanding the causes of the peculiarities—or anomalies, as scientists call them—of the Earth’s magnetic field.
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Dynamo at the center of the Earth.
In the extremely hot temperatures found deep in the Earth, the core is a mass of swirling, molten iron which acts as a dynamo.
As the molten iron moves, it generates the Earth’s global magnetic field.
Foreign [Music] How heat flow affects the Earth's Magnetic field Compass readings that do Not show the direction of true north and Interference with the operations of Satellites are a few of the problems Caused by peculiarities of the Earth's Magnetic field the magnetic field Radiates around the world and far into Space but it is set by processes that Happen deep within the Earth's core Where temperatures exceed 5000 degrees Celsius new research from geophysicists At the University of Leeds suggests that The way this super hot core is cooled is Key to understanding the causes of the Peculiarities or anomalies as scientists Call them of the Earth's magnetic field To stay up to date with latest top Stories make sure to subscribe to this YouTube channel by clicking the button Above this video Dynamo at the center of The earth in the extremely hot Temperatures found deep in the Earth the Core is a massive swirling molten iron Which acts as a Dynamo as the molten Iron moves it generates the Earth's Global magnetic field convective Currents keep the Dynamo turning as heat Flows out of the core and into the Mantle a rock layer that extends 2 900 Kilometers up to the Earth's crust Research by Dr Jonathan Mound and
Professor Christopher Davies from the School of Earth and environment at Leeds Has found that this cooling process does Not happen in a uniform way across the Earth and these variations cause Anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field Variations in Earth's magnetic field Seismic analysis has identified that There are regions of the mantle under Africa and the Pacific for instance that Are particularly hot computer Simulations by the researchers have Revealed that these hot zones reduce the Cooling effect on the Koran this causes Regional or localized changes to the Properties of the magnetic field for Example where the mantle is hotter the Magnetic field at the top of the core is Likely to be weaker and this results in A weaker magnetic field which is Projected into space above the South Atlantic which causes problems for Orbiting satellites interference with Space technology Dr Mound who led the Study said one of the things that the Magnetic field in space does is deflect Charged particles emitted from the sun When the magnetic field is weaker this Protective shield is not so effective so When satellites pass over that area These charged particles can disrupt and Interfere with their operations Scientists have known about the anomaly Over the South Atlantic since they
Started monitoring and observing the Magnetic field but it is not known if it Is a long-lived feature or something That has happened more recently in the History of the earth as the study it Leads has revealed the anomalies are Likely to be caused by differences in The rate at which heat is Flowing from The Earth's core into the mantle Whereabouts in the Earth's inner Structure these heat flow differences Happen is likely to dictate how long They could last Dr Mound added processes And the mantle happen very slowly so we Can expect the temperature anomalies in The lower mantle will have stayed the Same for tens of millions of years Therefore we would expect the properties Of the magnetic field they create also To have been similar over tens of Millions of years but the hotter outer Core is quite a dynamic fluid region so The heat flows in the magnetic field Properties they cause will probably Fluctuate on shorter time scales perhaps For 100s to 1000s of years the paper Longitudinal structure of Earth's Magnetic field controlled by lower Mantle heat flow is published in nature Geoscience this document is subject to Copyright apart from any Fair dealing For the purpose of private study or Research no part may be reproduced Without the written permission the
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