Why This Universe?
Maybe It’s Not Special—Just Probable.
Cosmologists have spent decades striving to understand why our universe is so stunningly vanilla.
Not only is it smooth and flat as far as we can see, but it’s also expanding at an ever-so-slowly increasing pace, when naive calculations suggest that—coming out of the Big Bang—space should have become crumpled up by gravity and blasted apart by repulsive dark energy.
To explain the cosmos’s flatness, physicists have added a dramatic opening chapter to cosmic history: They propose that space rapidly inflated like a balloon at the start of the Big Bang, ironing out any curvature.
And to explain the gentle growth of space following that initial spell of inflation, some have argued that our universe is just one among many less hospitable universes in a giant multiverse.
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But now two physicists have turned the conventional thinking about our vanilla universe on its head.
Foreign [Music] Why this universe maybe it's not special Just probable cosmologists have spent Decades striving to understand why our Universe is so stunningly vanilla not Only is it smooth and flat as far as we Can see but it's also expanding at an Ever so slowly increasing Pace when Naive calculations suggests that coming Out of the Big Bang space should have Become crumpled up by gravity and Blasted apart by repulsive dark energy To explain the cosmos's flatness Physicists have added a dramatic opening Chapter to Cosmic history they propose That space rapidly inflated like a Balloon at the start of the Big Bang Ironing out any curvature and to explain The gentle growth of space following That initial spell of inflation some Have argued that our universe is just One among many less hospitable universes And a giant Multiverse to stay up to Date with latest top stories make sure To subscribe to this YouTube channel by Clicking the button above this video but Now two physicists have turned the Conventional thinking about our vanilla Universe on its head following a line of Research started by Stephen Hawking and Gary Gibbons in 1977. the duo has Published a new calculation suggesting That the plainness of the cosmos is
Expected rather than rare our universe Is the way it is according to Neil Turok Of the University of Edinburgh and laugh And Boyle of the perimeter Institute for Theoretical physics in Waterloo Canada For the same reason that air spreads Evenly throughout a room weirer options Are conceivable but exceedingly Improbable the universe may seem Extremely fine-tuned extremely unlikely But they're saying wait a minute it's The favored one said Thomas hertog a Cosmologist at the Catholic University Of leuven in Belgium it's a novel Contribution that uses different methods Compared to what most people have been Doing said Stefan Gillen a cosmologist At the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom the provocative Conclusion rests on a mathematical trick Involving switching to a clock that Ticks with imaginary numbers using the Imaginary clock as Hawking did in the 70s Turok and Boyle could calculate a Quantity known as entropy that appears To correspond to our universe but the Imaginary time trick is a roundabout way Of calculating entropy and without a More rigorous method the meaning of the Quantity remains hotly debated while Physicists puzzle over the correct Interpretation of the entropy Calculation many view it as a new get a Pist on the road to the fundamental
Quantum nature of space and time somehow Gillen said it's giving us a window into Perhaps seeing the microstructure of Space-time Turok and Boyle frequent Collaborators are renowned for devising Creative and unorthodox ideas about Cosmology last year to study How likely Our universe may be they turn to a Technique developed in the 40s by the Physicist Richard feyman aiming to Capture the probabilistic behavior of Particles Feynman imagine that a Particle explores all possible routes Linking start to finish a straight line A curve a loop add infinitum he devised A way to give each path a number related To its likelihood and add all the Numbers up this path integral technique Became a powerful framework for Predicting how any Quantum system would Most likely behave as soon as Feynman Started publicizing the path integral Physicists spotted a curious connection With thermodynamics the venerable Science of temperature and energy it was This bridge between quantum theory and Thermodynamics that enabled Turok and Boyle's calculation [Music]
